Dholavira, a Harappan-era metropolis situated in Gujarat, has been accorded the World Heritage tag by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).Gujarat so far has three world heritage sites – Champaner near Pavagadh, Rani ki Vav in Patan and the historic city of Ahmedabad

INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION(IVC) /HARRAPAN CULTURE/BRONZE AGE

1. Civilization first discovered in Harrapa (1921 Western province of Pakistan). Sir John Marshall gave it name IVC. The Indus River Valley Civilization, 3300-1300 BCE, also known as the Harappan Civilization, extended from modern-day northeast Afghanistan to Pakistan and northwest India. Important innovations of this civilization include standardized weights and measures, seal carving, and metallurgy with copper, bronze, lead, and tin.        
2. The Indus cities are noted for their urban planning, a technical and political process concerned with the use of land and design of the urban environment. They are also noted for their baked brick houses, elaborate drainage systems, water supply systems, and clusters of large, nonresidential buildings.                                                                  is considered a Bronze Age society; inhabitants of the ancient Indus River Valley developed new techniques in metallurgy—the science of working with copper, bronze, lead, and tin.

LEARNING FROM HOME/ WITHOUT CLASSES/ BASICS

Here’s a look at all 40 world heritage sites in India, as designated by UNESCO:

1. Kaziranga in Assam
2. Manas Wildlife Sanctuary in Assam
3. Sundarbans National Park in West Bengal
4. Western Ghats. These include Agasthyamalai Sub-Cluster, Periyar Sub-Cluster, Anamalai Sub-Cluster, Nilgiri Sub-Cluster, Talakaveri Sub-Cluster, Kudremukh Sub-Cluster, Sahyadri Sub-Cluster
5. Great Himalayan National Park in Himachal Pradesh
6. Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya in Bihar
7. Churches and Convents of Goa
8. Humayun’s Tomb in Delhi
9. Red Fort Complex in Delhi
10. Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park in Gujarat
11. Group of Monuments at Hampi in Karnataka
12. Group of Monuments at Pattadakal in Karnataka
13. Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi in Madhya Pradesh
14. Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka in Madhya Pradesh
15. Khajuraho Group of Monuments in Madhya Pradesh
16. Ajanta Caves in Maharashtra
17. Ellora Caves in Maharashtra
18. Elephanta Caves in Maharashtra
19. Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (formerly Victoria Terminus) in Maharashtra
20. Sun Temple at Konark in Odisha
21. Keoladeo National Park in Bharatpur, Rajasthan
22. Jantar Mantar in Jaipur, Rajasthan
23. Great Living Chola Temples in Tamil Nadu. They include Brihadeeswarar temple in Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Airavateshwarar Temple in Darasuram, Brihadeeswarar Temple in Thanjavur.
24. Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram in Tamil Nadu
25. Agra Fort in Uttar Pradesh
26. Fatehpur Sikri in Uttar Pradesh
27. Taj Mahal, Uttar Pradesh
28. Rani ki vav (The Queen’s Stepwell) in Patan, Gujarat
29. Mountain Railways of India. They include Darjeeling Himalayan Railway in West Bengal, Nilgiri Mountain Railway in Ooty, Tamil Nadu, Kalka-Shimla Railway in Himachal Pradesh.
30. Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks in Chamoli district of Uttarakhand
31. Hill Forts of Rajasthan. They include Chittorgarh, Kumbhalgarh, Ranthambhore, Amber Sub-Cluster, Gagron
32. Nalanda in Bihar
33. Khangchendzonga National Park In Sikkim
34. The Architectural Work Of Le Corbusier in Chandigarh
35. Historic City of Ahmadabad in Ahmedabad, Gujarat
36. Qutb Minar in Delhi

37. Victorian Gothic and Art Deco building
38. Pink City in Jaipur
39. The Ramappa temple in Telangana
40. Dholavira, a Harappan-era metropolis situated in Gujarat

UNESCO:

In 1945, UNESCO was created in order to respond to the firm belief of nations, forged by two world wars in less than a generation that political and economic agreements are not enough to build a lasting peace. Peace must be established on the basis of humanity’s moral and intellectual solidarity.UNESCO strives to build networks among nations that enable this kind of solidarity,

Mobilizing for education: so that every child, boy or girl, has access to quality education as a fundamental human right and as a prerequisite for human development.

Building intercultural understanding: through protection of heritage and support for cultural diversity. UNESCO created the idea of World Heritage to protect sites of outstanding universal value.

Pursuing scientific cooperation: such as early warning systems for tsunamis or trans-boundary water management agreements, to strengthen ties between nations and societies.

Protecting freedom of expression: an essential condition for democracy, development and human dignity.

UNESCO is known as the “intellectual” agency” of the United Nations. Audrey Azoulay is the current director general of UNESCO.