Speaking at the Business 20 (B20) Summit Prime Minister Narendra Modi called for a global framework to ensure the ethical use of artificial intelligence (AI) as he flagged concerns over algorithmic bias and its disruptive impact on society.

LEARNING FROM HOME/ WITHOUT CLASSES/ BASICS

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an area of computer science that emphasizes the creation of intelligent machines that work and react like humans. It aims to improve machine behavior in tackling complex tasks. Some of the activities computers with artificial intelligence are
designed for include:

Speech recognition 

Learning
Planning
Problem-solving              
               
 APPLICATION OF AI

Healthcare
AI has been particularly useful in the healthcare industry because it generates massive amounts of data to train with and enables algorithms to spot patterns faster than human analysts; can be used to organize bed schedules, make a staff rotation, and provide medical information and diagnosis.

Medecision developed an algorithm that detects 8 variables in diabetes
patients to determine if hospitalization is required.

Entertainment
A familiar application of AI in everyday life is seen with services like
Netflix or Amazon, where in  algorithms analyze the user’s activity and
compare it with that of other users to determine which shows or products to recommend. The algorithms are becoming intelligent with time—to the extent of understanding that a user may want to buy a product as a gift and not for himself/herself, or that different family members have different watching preferences.

Finance
Financial services companies use AI-based natural language processing tools to analyze brand sentiment from social media platforms and provide actionable advice.

Fraud detection is an important application of AI in financial services. For
example, Mastercard uses Decision Intelligence technology to analyze various data points to detect fraudulent transactions, improve real-time approval accuracy, and reduce false declines.

Data security
Cyber attacks are becoming a growing reality with the move to a digital world.
There are also concerns about AI programs themselves turning against
systems.Automatic exploit generation (AEG) is a bot that can determine whether a software bug, which may cause security issues, is exploitable. If a
vulnerability is found, the bot automatically secures it. AEG systems help
develop automated signature generation algorithms that can predict the
likelihood of cyberattacks.

Manufacturing

AI algorithms can influence the manufacturing supply chain by detecting the patterns of demand for products across geographies, socioeconomic segments, and time, and predicting market demand.

Automotive industry
Tesla introduced TeslaBot, an intelligent virtual assistant allows users to
interact with their car from their phone or desktop.

Uber AI Labs is working on developing self-driven cars with the help of the
best engineers and scientists.

            Ethical challenges: Ethical issues that confront society due to Artificial Intelligence (AI) include privacy and surveillance, bias or discrimination, and potentially the philosophical challenge is the role of human judgment.

  Lack of transparency of AI tools: AI decisions are not always intelligible to humans.

  AI is not neutral: AI-based decisions are susceptible to inaccuracies, discriminatory outcomes, embedded or inserted bias.

  Surveillance practices for data gathering and privacy of court users.

           There should be steps for algorithmic transparency, privacy, and protection of all the beneficiaries involved and cybersecurity of associated vulnerabilities