ISRO’s Heaviest Rocket Successfully Launches 36 Satellites into Orbit.

The satellites were successfully placed into low-Earth orbit, as part of the OneWeb India-1 mission or LVM3 (Launch Vehicle Mark III) M2 mission. This marks the first commercial
mission of LVM3, India’s heaviest launch vehicle, also known as Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III (GSLV Mark III). The OneWeb satellites, meant for global connectivity needs. OneWeb India-1 mission carried a payload mass of 5,796 kilograms, the heaviest for any ISRO mission to date.

LVM3 has three stages and a height of 43.5 metres ;comprising two strap-on motors and a liquid propellant core stage. The last stage is the upper cryogenic stage. The launch vehicle is a catalyst for the Indian Space Programme, because it will ensure the launch of heavy payloads into low-Earth orbit.
The GSLV-MK III launch vehicle has been renamed LVM3-M2 by ISRO scientists because the most recent rocket can carry 8,000 kg of payloads into LEO and 4,000 kg of satellites into GTO. Four previous missions with the GSLV-Mk III were successful, including Chandrayaan-2.

The GSLV-MK III launch vehicle has been renamed LVM3-M2 by ISRO scientists because the most recent rocket can carry 8,000 kg of payloads into LEO and 4,000 kg of satellites into GTO. Four previous missions with the GSLV-Mk III were successful, including Chandrayaan-2.

The difference is that satellites in GEO can only move along the Earth’s equator at a height of about 35,786 km above the surface. Low Earth Orbit satellites are placed in an orbit that’s less than 1,000 km above the Earth’s surface.

More crucially, LEO satellites can directly circle along the Earth’s equator as well as follow a path that’s tilted relative to the equator.

 LEARNING FROM HOME/ WITHOUT CLASSES/BASICS

The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, PSLV is capable of launching 1600 kg satellites in 620 km sun-synchronous polar orbit and 1050 kg satellite in geo-synchronous transfer orbit.

       In the standard configuration, it measures 44.4 m tall, with a lift off weight of 295 tonnes. PSLV has four stages using solid and liquid propulsion systems alternately. The first stage is one of the largest solid propellant boosters in the world and carries 139 tonnes of propellant. A cluster of six strap-on is attached to
the first stage motor.

The Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle  was primarily developed to launch INSAT class of satellites into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbits. GSLV is a three stage launcher that uses one solid rocket motor stage, one Earth storable liquid stage and one cryogenic stage.

ISRO: It was established with it’s headquarter at Bangalore in 1969. It functions under overall control of department of space. 

ORBITS

Different orbits serve different purposes. An orbit is a curved path of a
celestial object around another celestial object due to the force of gravity.
Orbits are everywhere in our universe. The Moon orbits the Earth, and the Earth
orbits the Sun, and the Sun orbits around the center of the galaxy.

The  near polar orbits have an inclination near 90 degrees. This allows the
satellite to see virtually every part of the Earth as the Earth rotates underneath it.

Sun-Synchronous orbit; the satellite travels from the north to the south poles as the Earth turns below it.   the satellite passes over the same part of the Earth at
roughly the same local time each day. These orbits allows a satellite to pass
over a section of the Earth at the same time of day.

These satellites orbit at an altitude between 700 to 800 km. These orbits are used for satellites that need a constant amount of sunlight. Satellites that take
pictures of the Earth would work best with bright sunlight, while satellites
that measure longwave radiation would work best in complete darkness. When a
satellite has a sun-synchronous orbit, it means that it has a constant sun
illumination through inclination and altitude. For sun-synchronous orbits, it passes over any given point on Earth’s surface at the same local solar time.

A geosynchronous orbit is an orbit around the Earth, where the object orbits
once per day. A common kind of geosynchronous orbit is called a geostationary
orbit, where the object orbits above the same part of the Earth at all times.
Geostationary satellites are launched into orbit in the same direction the Earth is spinning. When the satellite is in orbit at a specific altitude, it will exactly match
the rotation of the Earth. The Earth actually takes 23 hours, 56 minutes, and
4.09 seconds to make one full revolution. So this would put the satellite at
approximately 35,790 km above the Earth.

This is an extremely useful type of orbit and is used for anything where a satellite needs to send or receive signals from the same part of the Earth all the time. It’s
used for cell phone satellites, television satellites, weather satellites, as well as some military satellites.