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Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement (BECA): Indo-US Relations

India and the United States signed the Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement (BECA) ; India will get  real-time access to American geospatial intelligence and access to maps, satellite images, topographical and…

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The Financial Action Task Force: Explained Basics

The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) decided to keep Pakistan on the “greylist” till the next review of its compliance to the recommendations in February next year LEARNING  FROM HOME/ WITHOUT CLASSES/…

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India assumed chairmanship of International Labour Organisation (ILO)

India has assumed the chairmanship of the governing body of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) after a gap of 35 years. Labour secretary Apurva Chandra has been elected as the…

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The Punjab assembly adopting a resolution that rejected the new central farm laws and passing four bills to counter the controversial farm legislation enacted by Parliament. LEARNING FROM HOME/ WITHOUT CLASSES/ BASICS The Centre and the State are an essential feature of Federalism. Constitution of India provides for a division of powers between the Union (Centre) and states. It divides all the subjects into 3 lists – Union List, State List, and Concurrent List. The Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India defines and specifies allocation of powers and functions between Union & States The Union List describe the subjects under the control Centre Government; Art 246(1) The State List describes the subjects under the jurisdiction of states. Art 246(3) The Concurrent List describes the subjects which are under the joint jurisdiction of the Centre of States. Art 246(2) The subjects which do not fall in these lists i.e. residuary subjects have been given to the Centre. Art 248 1. The Union List Subjects (97 Subjects): The Union List is the longest of the three lists. It lists 99 subjects on which the Union Parliament can pass laws. The main subjects of the Union List are: Defense, Foreign Affairs, Currency and Coinage, War and Peace, Atomic Energy, National Resources, Railways, Post and Telegraph, Citizenship, Navigation and Shipping, Foreign Trade, Inter-State Trade and Commerce, Banking, Insurance, National Highways, Census, Election, Institutions of higher education and others. 2. State List (66 Subjects): State List enumerates the subjects on which each State Legislature can legislate and such laws operate within the territory of each state. The main subjects of the State List are: public order, police, state court fees, prisons, local government, public health and sanitation, hospitals and dispensaries, pilgrimages within India, intoxicating liquors, relief of disabled and unemployable, libraries, communications, agriculture, animal husbandry, water supply, irrigation and canals, fisheries, road passenger tax and goods tax, capitation tax and others. 3. Concurrent List (46 Subjects): The Union Parliament, as well as the State Legislatures, have the power to legislate over the subjects listed in List III (Concurrent List). The main subjects listed in this list are : criminal law, criminal procedure, preventive detention for reasons concerned with the security of state, marriage and divorce, transfer of property other than agricultural land, contract, actionable wrongs, bankruptcy and insolvency, trust and trustees, administration of justice, evidence and oaths, civil procedure, contempt of court, lunacy, prevention of cruelty to animals, forests, protection of wild animals and birds, population control and family planning, trade unions, education, labour welfare, inland shipping and navigation, food stuffs, price control, stamp duties, and others. Residuary Powers: The Constitution vests the residuary powers of legislation with the Union. Article 248 states: “The Union Parliament has exclusive power to make any law with respect to any matter not enumerated in the Concurrent List or the State List.” “Such power shall include the power of making any law and imposing a tax not mentioned in either of these lists.” Thus, the Constitution of India creates a clear-cut division of legislative powers between the Union and the States Art 254 talks about the inconsistency between laws made by Parliament and laws made by the legislatures of States with respect to one of the matters mentioned in the concurrent list then the laws made by the state legislature shall prevail if it has been reserved for the consideration of the President and has received his assent, but the Parliament can amend or repeal with respect to the same subject matter so made by the Legislature of the State.

The Punjab assembly adopting a resolution that rejected the new central farm laws and passing four bills to counter the controversial farm legislation enacted by Parliament. LEARNING FROM HOME/    WITHOUT CLASSES/…

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Delhi’s Air Quality Index (AQI) remains in ‘poor’ category: AQI EXPLAINED

The national Capital’s air quality index (AQI), on 20/10/2020, continued to remain in the poor category. LEARNING FROM HOME/WOTHOUT CLASSES/BASICS The air quality index (AQI) is an index for reporting air quality…

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World Osteoporosis Day 2020

World Osteoporosis Day (WOD), on October 20 each year, marks a year-long campaign dedicated to raising global awareness of the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis. WOD aims to make…

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The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2020

The 2020 Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel has been awarded to Paul R. Milgrom and Robert B. Wilson “for improvements to auction theory and…

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Blue Flag certification for 8 beaches in India

In a first, eight of India’s beaches including Shivrajpur (Dwarka-Gujarat), Ghoghla (Diu), Kasarkod and Padubidri (Karnataka), Kappad (Kerala), Rushikonda (AP), Golden Beach (Odisha) and Radhanagar (A&N Islands) got the eco-label…

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Rafael Nadal beats Novak Djokovic to win 13th French Open title

Spain’s Rafael Nadal made history by winning a record 13th French Open title and 20th Grand Slam title with victory over Novak Djokovic in the Paris final; matching Federer’s record…

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PM Modi launches SWAMITVA scheme

Prime Minister Narendra Modi  launched the Survey of Villages and Mapping with Improvised Technology in Village Areas (SVAMITVA) scheme. The aim is to enable villagers to use a property as…

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