Government of India’s National LED programme – Unnat Jyoti by Affordable LEDs for All (UJALA) was launched in Madhya Pradesh by Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh Shri Shivraj Singh Chouhan and Union Minister for State (IC) for Power, Coal and Renewable Energy Shri Piyush Goyal. The scheme is being implemented by Energy Efficiency Services Limited (EESL), a joint venture of PSUs under the Ministry of Power. The Minister further stated that within just one year , 9 crore bulbs have been distributed under UJALA Scheme, which helped consumers to save Rs 5500 crore every year. UJALA will not only help reduce consumers their electricity bills but also contribute to the energy security of India. As of now, EESL has distributed over 10 crore LED bulbs under UJALA programme and this has led to significant savings to the country and consumers who are using these bulbs. LED bulbs consume half the energy as that of CFLs and one tenth as that of incandescent bulbs. UJALA is the largest non-subsidized LED programme in the world. The programme has led to significant savings to the consumers who are using these bulbs.

Under India’s commitment to achieving 30-35% reduced carbon emissions, the country has recognized energy efficiency as a key mitigation strategy. Therefore, the government is committed to executing schemes like UJALA. State governments are voluntarily adopting this scheme and the scheme is already present in over 13 states. EESL would be starting distribution in more states within a month.
CROSS REFRENCES
The light-emitting diode (LED) is one of today’s most energy-efficient and rapidly-developing lighting technologies. Quality LED light bulbs last longer, are more durable, and offer comparable or better light quality than other types of lighting. A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that uses a semiconductor to convert electricity into light; that emits visible light when an electric current passes through it. The light is not particularly bright, but in most LEDs it is monochromatic, occurring at a single wavelength. Today’s LED bulbs can be six-seven times more energy efficient than conventional incandescent lights and cut energy use by more than 80 percent. LEDs contain no mercury; have a much smaller environmental impact than incandescent bulbs. The first visible-spectrum LED was invented by Nick Holonyak, Jr.,
LED lighting is very different from other lighting sources such as incandescent bulbs and CFLs. Key differences include the following:
Direction: LEDs emit light in a specific direction, reducing the need for reflectors and diffusers that can trap light. This feature makes LEDs more efficient for many uses such as recessed downlights and task lighting. With other types of lighting, the light must be reflected to the desired direction and more than half of the light may never leave the fixture.
Heat: LEDs emit very little heat. In comparison, incandescent bulbs release 90% of their energy as heat and CFLs release about 80% of their energy as heat.

Low power requirement: Most types can be operated with battery power supplies.
High efficiency: Most of the power supplied to an LED or IRED is converted into radiation in the desired form, with minimal heat production.
Long life: When properly installed, an LED or IRED can function for decades.
A semiconductor is called a semiconductor because it is a type of material that has an electrical resistance which is between the resistance typical of metals and the resistance typical of insulators, so it kind of, or “semi”-conducts electricity. Semiconductors are used in many electrical circuits because we can control the flow of electrons in this material. Most semiconductors are crystals made of certain materials, most commonly silicon. Elemental semiconductors include antimony, arsenic, boron, carbon, germanium, selenium, silicon, sulfur, and tellurium. Silicon is the best-known of these, forming the basis of most integrated circuits (ICs). Common semiconductor compounds include gallium arsenide, indium antimonide, and the oxides of most metals. Of these, gallium arsenide (GaAs) is widely used in low-noise, high-gain, weak-signal amplifying devices.
A diode is a specialized electronic component with two electrodes called the anode and the cathode. Most diodes are made with semiconductor materials such as silicon, germanium, or selenium. Diodes can be used as rectifiers, signal limiters, voltage regulators, switches, signal modulators, signal mixers, signal demodulators, and oscillators The fundamental property of a diode is its tendency to conduct electric current in only one direction.
Semiconductor diodes can be designed to produce direct current (DC) when visible light, infrared (IR), or ultraviolet (UV) energy strikes them. These diodes are known as photovoltaic cells and are the basis for solar electric energy systems and photo sensors. Yet another form of diode, commonly used in electronic and computer equipment, emits visible light or IR energy when current passes through it. Such a device is the familiar light-emitting diode (LED).